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2010 Yushu earthquake
The 2010 Yushu earthquake struck on April 14 and registered a magnitude of 6.9Mw (USGS, EMSC) or 7.1Ms〔(About 400 dead, 10,000 injured in 7.1-magnitude quake in China's Qinghai ), xinhuanet.com. Retrieved 14 April 2010.〕〔(China Earthquake Network Center )〕 (CEA, CENC). It originated in Yushu, Qinghai, China, at local time. According to the Xinhua News Agency, 2,698 people have been confirmed dead, 270 missing, and 12,135 injured of which 1,434 are severely injured. The epicenter was located in Rima village (日玛村/日麻村), Upper Laxiu township (上拉秀乡) of Yushu County, in remote and rugged terrain, near the border of Tibet Autonomous Region. The epicenter is about 30 km from Gyêgu town or Jyekundo, the seat of Yushu County, and about 240 km from Qamdo.〔 The epicenter was in a sparsely populated area on the Tibetan plateau that is regularly hit by earthquakes.
The 12th century Thrangu Monastery and surrounding villages were severely damaged and many monks and villagers were killed.〔http://www.konchok.org/earthquakeinTibet.htm〕
== Geology ==
Qinghai lies in the northeastern part of the Tibetan Plateau, which formed due to the ongoing collision of the Indian Plate with the Eurasian Plate. The main deformation in this area is crustal shortening, but there is also a component of left lateral strike-slip faulting on major west–east trending structures such as the Kunlun and Altyn Tagh fault systems that accommodate southeastward translation of the Tibetan area.
The earthquake occurred on the Yushu fault, about south of the Kunlun fault.〔 The Yushu fault forms part of the Yushu-Garzê-Xianshuihe fault zone (玉树-甘孜-鲜水河断裂带),〔http://ngmchina.com.cn/web/?viewnews-163319〕 one of the most active fault zones in eastern Tibet. In history, many earthquakes greater than magnitude 7 have occurred in the Xianshuihe fault zone,〔 for example, the magnitude 7.25 earthquake in the Luhuo area on March 24, 1923, and the Ms 7.6 earthquake on February 6, 1973 in Luhuo.〔http://www.csi.ac.cn/manage/html/4028861611c5c2ba0111c5c558b00001/zhenli/liuying/zhenli/html/zhenli007.htm〕 Almost all sections of the Xianshuihe fault zone have produced strong earthquakes in records, except the sections of Yushu and Shimian (石棉). However, a trace of a strong earthquake occurred about 16,000 or 17,000 years ago has been found in Shimian. Hence, the Shimian section of the Xianshuihe fault zone is speculated to be currently locked and have the possibility of producing a strong earthquake in the future.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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